Tag Archives: Dugout

Sherriff’s Dugout

Still enjoying his time in the mine, he was nevertheless chafing at the lack of certainty about how long the duty might continue. He would be happy if it went on for the duration of the war – he was enjoying the freedom it offered him [and no doubt the relative safety]. He told his mother that, when he had visited his own Company earlier that day they had told him that they were expecting him back any day – but he thought [hoped, probably] that they were only pulling his leg. He wished he could be told exactly how long he had left at the mine, rather than dealing with the possibility that he might be called away at any time.

Pips had asked him to describe his dugout, so Sherriff obliged:

‘We live in a shelter about 15ft long by 7ft broad. It is like a square hole dug into the ground, and thick sheets of corrugated iron placed over it – the door is on one broad side and used to consist of a square hole with iron girders on top; a little passage cut into the earth led to the trench. Inside (which, before we started renovating consisted of bare earth walls, which, showing signs of falling, we put good, strong wire over) we have on the wall two boxes nailed – one of wood without a door, in which we keep all tinned stuff, and the other being a tin, which has a lid, and “the rats don’t seem to be able to work out ‘ow to git in” (as Morris says) in which we keep all edibles.

James Whale's Design for the Dugout in Journey's End. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/6/13/4) and the David Lewis Estate.

James Whale’s Design for the Dugout in Journey’s End. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/6/13/4) and the David Lewis Estate.

We have put up some wooden shelves which tilt at such an angle that things placed on them very gently slide off. Nails on the wall serve to support sandbags containing the following articles: No.1 bag – books, magazines and papers; No.2 bag – all washing things in holdall; No.3 bag – spare underclothes; No.4 bag – various oddments.

As regards furniture – 2 stout wooden frames with wire nailed across form very comfortable beds, supported at each end by sandbags; a long board with empty sandbags on it serves as a table, with a narrower board on two petrol tins forming the seat – a wooden box on its end is used as a table, on its side as a chair – so taking it all round it is a comfortable enough little home, although the roof is by no means proof against bullets or shell, but I think it would stop shrapnel splinters.

After the dugout caved in we made several improvements, a wooden frame we put in the door, and we put wire round the walls with empty sandbags hanging down behind. “You’ve only got ter paint Abrihim and a few others in to make it look like ‘ampton Court,” said Morris (who, by the way, lives in Molesey) as he surveyed his work of sandbag-hanging with some admiration.’

He told his mother that he had been into the local town shopping, and arranging baths for his men. He had bought some peaches and pears, some lobster, chocolate, and also 6 eggs, although two had broken, to make a raw omelette at the bottom of his pocket. When he had called into the Company he had received no mail – no letters or packages – but he was eagerly awaiting the one his mother had sent – with some socks, and ‘all sorts of delicious things’: ‘It is good of you to send them, dear – it is almost worth being out here to receive your letters and parcels.’

He had received news from home, both from Pips and from Bundy [his brother], telling him how the winds had blown the apples and leaves from the trees in the garden. This prompted him to reminisce about the times he would come home from school to see the garden looking just as he imagined it now. But there was more:

‘I also associate this time of the year with the time after I had left school and began to realise to the fullest extent the beauty of history and literature and when I used to go for cycle rides with Clayton [a master who had arrived at KGS in 1911, and who, in 1914, when Sherriff was unhappy at his job as a clerk with Sun Insurance, had offered advice on how to become a schoolmaster] and he used to tell me lots of things about history which he would not tell me in school for fear of making the work too much like play.’

He proceeded to repeat his ambitions for when he returned after the war – to furnish his room in Tudor style; to make a library of historical books, while continuing to collect stamps and coins as his hobbies; to travel to view historic sights around the country, in places such as York, and Hadrian’s Wall; and perhaps, one day, ‘to sit for a degree at London University – it only requires careful study to get an M.A. or B.A. in history’.

He had decided not to pursue, at this point, his aim of joining the Flying Corps, feeling that it would be difficult to get the Adjutant to agree to a transfer, and it might prejudice his chances of staying at the mine. But if he were to return to his Battalion soon, he might then consider it. He felt that there was no chance of any leave on the horizon – although it was notionally due after three months, there were many officers in front of him in the queue. But he told his mother that, even if he did not manage to be home in time for Christmas, they could enjoy their own when he did finally come home:

‘I think the idea of Father Christmas is one of the most beautiful legends man has ever thought of – what a pity man does not give his attention to these things instead of to war – yet I suppose we must have war to appreciate these things’.

 [Next letter: 12 November]

 

The ‘Mending the Dugout’ Skit

‘We have now got our dugout in some order again, ‘ he told Pips, but it had taken them three days of hard work.

It had all started on Tuesday (it was now Friday), when he had gone into Bethune with Morris to do some shopping, and to pick up any letters or parcels that might be waiting at Company HQ. He had also taken the chance to have a bath, and get money out for the men, but ‘as I started back down the long trench which leads to the district where we lived it came on to rain and poured faster and faster as I went along. The walk was 4 miles…and I arrived soaked to the skin and found…that the rain had caused the trenches to fall in in many places. At last I arrived back and found the trench which branched off from the main trench had fallen in and I had to climb over masses of soft earth – and what a sight for you to see arriving home drenched!’

Bethune - Before the War. From Memories of Active Service, Vol 2, facing page 388. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/3/9/3/4)

Bethune – Before the War. From Memories of Active Service, Vol 2, facing page 388. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/3/9/3/4)

‘The sandbags on each side of the door had fallen in and the railway lines, which served as girders, were hanging like the sword of Damocles over the door – the sandbags had fallen inwards and covered our neatly dug out floor with damp, rotten looking earth.’

Gibson had already gone off to the mine, so he and Morris crawled inside, to find it as ‘unfriendly-looking’ as the outside: ‘the earth walls had dropped in places and pieces were peeling off as we stood in there, so, as my servant suggested that the “place looked all of a screw and weren’t very safe to stay in”, we clambered out.’

Sherriff had then gone up to the mine to ask the RE officers if they could lend one of their men, which they did, and with a number of other volunteers from Morris’s dugout they made the door sufficiently safe for him to spend the night inside – ‘but what an awful night it was’. After he had some supper (which Morris had handed through the door, because, as he put it,”e and the plates couldn’t both get through together’) he had crawled into bed, and spent the rest of the night watching the earth crumbling away from the walls, and wondering if the whole structure would come down round about him. In the event, most of it stayed in place, ‘except for a big piece of the corner falling in and revealing the sky above’.

Bethune - After the War. From Memories of Active Service, Vol 2, facing page 388. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/3/9/3/4)

Bethune – After the War. From Memories of Active Service, Vol 2, facing page 388. By permission of the Surrey History Centre (Ref: 2332/3/9/3/4)

The whole of the next day they spent trying to shore up the dugout. ‘I cannot describe the chaos that then occurred,’ he wrote to Pips, ‘ – it suggested a good skit for Harry Tate [a well-known music hall comedian] – “Mending a Dugout”‘. Having secured all the materials they needed from the RE, and bringing all the necessary timber and wire inside, ‘it became so crowded that you did nothing but fall over in the attempts to get over piles of empty and filled sandbags.’ Then they had to lever up the door, which they did by piling up sandbags, and then ‘all getting on the end of an iron bar’, and while the girder was propped up, Morris would try to find a wedge to put in place between the girders and the sandbags, but the only wood he could find tended to ‘squash up like a sponge’ when it took the weight from above. To make matters worse, he then struggled to get out the door because the sandbags were in the way, ‘reminding me of the historic man who built a house from the inside and omitted the doors and windows’.

That was enough description for one day, he told Pips, since he now had to write to his brother Bundy, whose birthday it was [he was turning 17], but he promised more on his dugout woes the following day.

[Next letter: 11 November]

Too busy to write

There was still no time for letter writing because, as he told his mother, ‘We are still very busy getting our dugout in order again: the rain caused the sides to fall in and the door was in great danger for some time – but after working hard at it for the whole of yesterday and also today it is now beginning to assume its old shape again…you can imagine the calamity caused rather a stoppage in our business and I am very busy getting things in order again – so, dear, you won’t mind if I end this letter now as I must help mend our dugout.’

[Next letter: 10 November]

Cave-in at the dugout

‘Just a very hasty line to tell you our dugout has fallen in and we have been hard at work all day mending it – which has afforded plenty of amusement but much inconvenience as all our belongings are stacked up together in a heap and difficult to get at.’

And that was all he had time to write to Pips before going off to get a wash before going on duty. A more detailed account would have to wait until he had a little more time to spare.

[Next letter: 9 November]